Major advances in software technologies will be required to enable the "new Internet." Areas of investigation will include large-scale, ad hoc wireless networks, a secure metacomputing infrastructure, mobile agent technologies, sensor simulation, sensor network integration, and development of new middleware and human-computer interfaces. The need for innovation in algorithms to match the vast size and complexity of this new Internet, in turn, indicates that mathematical research will also play a critically important role in our institute. UCSD will take the lead in this layer with strong collaboration from UCI's Information and Computer Science Department, Center for Networks and Middleware Information Systems, and Center of Integrated Information Technologies for Infrastructure Systems. Underlying all Calit2 software infrastructure development will be the need for security and scalability.